Diagnostic Performance of Triglyceride–Glucose (TyG) Index for Type 2 Diabetes in Bangladeshi Adults

Khokon Dutta; Aitijjo Bhowmick; Ratan Hossain; Probir Banjerjee; Tofazzal Hossain; Muslima Khatun

doi:10.71193/jmct.20260011

Authors

Khokon Dutta Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gopalganj Science and Technology University. Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2453-1279
Aitijjo Bhowmick The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh Author https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9633-8536
Ratan Hossain The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh Author https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1193-3957
Probir Banjerjee Department of Gastroenterology, Gopalganj Medical College & Hospital, Goplaganj 8100, Bangladesh Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6692-4444
Tofazzal Hossain Department of Statistics, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6059
Muslima Khatun The Department of Pharmacy, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8105, Bangladesh Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71193/jmct.20260011

Keywords:

TyG index, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, diagnostic marker

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly use insulin, leading to high levels of glucose in the blood. The rising prevalence of T2DM in Bangladesh necessitates accessible and cost-effective tools for early detection and metabolic risk assessment. The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index has emerged as a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance, a central mechanism in T2DM pathogenesis. This analytical cross-sectional study evaluated the association between the TyG index and T2DM and assessed its diagnostic performance in Bangladeshi adults. A total of 91 participants were recruited from Gopalganj Diabetic Hospital and Gopalganj Medical College, including 61 T2DM patients (newly diagnosed, treated uncontrolled, and treated controlled) and 30 non-diabetic controls. Fasting triglycerides and fasting glucose were measured, and the TyG index was calculated as Ln [triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. The mean TyG index was significantly higher in T2DM patients than in controls (7.20 ± 0.092 vs. 6.01 ± 0.092, p < 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated excellent discriminatory ability with an area under the curve of 0.892 (95% CI: 0.821–0.963). At an optimal cutoff of 6.617, the sensitivity was 78.7%, specificity 93.3%, and positive predictive value 96.0%. These findings indicate a strong association between elevated TyG index values and T2DM. The TyG index represents a simple, affordable, and non-invasive marker with high diagnostic accuracy, making it a valuable tool for metabolic screening and risk stratification in resource-limited settings

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